* Professor of Law, University of Pennsylvania. 1 Matthew D. Adler & Eric A. Posner, Implementing Cost-Benefit Analysis When Preferences Are Distorted, 29 J. Legal Stud. 1105 (2000) [hereinafter Adler & Posner, Implementing CBA]; Matthew D. Adler & Eric A. Posner, Rethinking Cost-Benefit Analysis, 109 Yale L.J. 165 (1999) [hereinafter Adler & Posner, Rethinking CBA]. 2 Matthew D. Adler, Beyond Efficiency and Procedure: A Welfarist Theory of Regulation, 28 Fla. St. U. L. Rev. 241 (2000) [hereinafter Adler, Beyond Efficiency]; Matthew D. Adler, Fear Assessment: Cost-Benefit Analysis and the Pricing of Fear and Anxiety, 79 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. (forthcoming 2004); Matthew Adler, Incommensurability and Cost-Benefit Analysis, 146 U. Pa. L. Rev. 1371 (1998); Matthew D. Adler, Risk, Death and Harm: The Normative Foundations of Risk Regulation, 87 Minn. L. Rev. 1293 (2003). 3See Adler & Posner, Rethinking CBA, supra note 1, at 17694. 4See id. at 197204. 5Seeid. at 19091. 6See, e.g., Jules L. Coleman, Efficiency, Utility, and Wealth Maximization, 8 Hofstra L. Rev. 509 (1980); Ronald M. Dworkin, Is Wealth a Value?, 9 J. Legal Stud. 191 (1980). 7See Adler & Posner, Rethinking CBA, supra note 1, at 20416. 8Seeid. at 20608. 9Martha C. Nussbaum, Women and Human Development: The Capabilities Approach 7880 (2000). 10See Adler, Beyond Efficiency, supra note 2, at 297302. 11See Adler & Posner, Implementing CBA, supra note 1, at 111625. 12See Adler & Posner, Rethinking CBA, supra note 1, at 22021. 13Seeid. at 24345. 14Seeid. at 21643. 15 David M. Driesen, The Economic Dynamics of Environmental Law, 31 B.C. Envtl. Aff. L. Rev. 501, 508 (2004). 16Id. 17Id. at 52728. 18Id. at 51920. 19See generallyReid Hastie & Robyn M. Dawes, Rational Choice in an Uncertain World: The Psychology of Judgment and Decisionmaking (2001). 20SeeShelly Kagan, Normative Ethics 5977 (1998). 21See Adler, Beyond Efficiency, supra note 2, at 314. 22Seeid. at 31517. 23See Louis Kaplow & Steven Shavell, Fairness Versus Welfare 16 (2002). 24See id. 25See id. at 5258. 26See Adler, Beyond Efficiency, supra note 2, at 31719. 27Seeid. at 30911. 28John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (1971). 29 Exec. Order No. 12,866, 58 Fed. Reg. 51,735 (Sept. 30, 1993).