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Sub-Saharan Africa

Ajeyalemi, D. (1990). Science and technology education in Africa: Focus on seven Sub-Saharan countries. Lagos: University Lagos Press.

Altbach, P.G. (1989). World Bank Report on Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Comparative Education Review, 33 (1), pp. 93-104.

Assié-Lumumba, N. T. (2003). Recent Higher Education Innovations in Sub-Saharan Africa: Universities in Francophone Countries. ADEA Working Group on Higher Education. Accra, Ghana: Association of African Universities.

Banya, K. & Elu, J. (1997). The crisis of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa: the continuing search for relevance. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 19(2), 151–164.

Banya, K. & Elu, J. (2001). The World Bank and financing higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Higher Education (42), 1–34.

Banya, K. (2001). Are private universities the solution to the higher education crisis in sub-Saharan Africa? Higher Education Policy, 14(2), 161–174.

Banya, K. & Elu, J. (2001). The World Bank and Financing Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa." Higher Education, 42, pp. 1-34.

Bennell, P. (1996). Rates of Return to Education: Does the Conventional Pattern Prevail in Sub-Saharan Africa? World Development, 24 (1), pp. 183-199.

Bloch, M. N., Beoku-Betts, J. A., & Tabachnick, B. R. (1998). Women and education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Power, opportunities, and constraints. Boulder, CO: Rienner Publishers.

Bollag, B. (2004). Improving Tertiary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Things that Work. Report of a regional conference held in Accra, Ghana on September 23-25, 2003. Retrieved from www.worldbank.org/afr/teia.

Browne, A. W. & Barrett, H. R. (1991). Female Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Key to Development? Comparative Education, 27 (3), pp. 275-285.

Coombe, T. & Hawes, H. (1986). Education priorities and aid responses in Sub-Saharan Africa: Report of a conference at Cumberland Lodge, Windsor, 4–7 December 1984. London: Overseas Development Administration and University of London.

Costa, C. (2000). The European Commission perspective on higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. In B. Jongbloed & H. Teekens (Eds.), The financing of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa (pp. 69–75). Utrecht, Nertherlands: uitgeverij-lemma. Center for Higher Education Policy Studies-Netherlands Organization for International Cooperation in Higher Education.

Court, D. (1987). Education and Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Operation and Impact of Education Systems. In Robert Berg and Jennifer Whittaker (Eds.), Strategies for African Development. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.

Court, D. (1990). The Development of University Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Philip G. Altbach (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Comparative Higher Education. New York: Garland Publishing Inc.

Court, D. (1991). The development of university education in Sub-Saharan Africa. In P. G. Altbach (Ed.), International Higher Education (pp. 329–347). New York, NY: Garland.

Davies, J. (1994). The university curriculum and the transition in South Africa. European Journal of Education, 29(3), 255–268.

Davis, C. H. (1983). Institutional sectors of mainstream science production in Sub-Saharan Africa: 1970-1979. Scientometrics, 5, 163–175.

Domatob, J. (1998). African higher education policy: A survey of Sub-Saharan Africa. San Francisco: International Scholars Publications.

Eisemon, T. O. (1992). Private Initiatives and Traditions of State Control in Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. PHREE Background Paper No. 92/48. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.

Eisemon, T. O. (1992). Private initiative and traditions of state control in higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Eisemon, T. O. & Davis, C. H. (1991). University Research and the Development of Scientific Capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. In Philip G. Altbach, (Ed.), International Higher Education: An Encyclopedia. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc.

Eisemon, T. & Kourouma, M. (1994). Foreign assistance for university development in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. In J. Salmi & A. Verspoor (Eds.), Revitalizing higher education. Washington, D. C.: The World Bank.

Eisemon, T. O. & Davis, C. H. (1991). University research and the development of scientific capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. In P. G. Altbach (Ed.), International higher education: An encyclopedia. New York, NY: Garland.

Efana, L. B. (2000). Entrepreneurship in the Learning and Science Culture of Sub-Saharan Africa University Organizations. Tampere, Finland: Research Institute of Social Sciences, University of Tampere.

Elu, J. (Fall 2000). Human development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Analysis and prospects for the future. Journal of Third World Studies, 17(2). 53–71.

Fine, J.C. (1997). Networks for Research & Learning: A Strategic Approach to Capacity Building in Sub-Saharan Africa. Unpublished paper: Cross-National Capacity Building in Africa: Interventions that Work, Rockefeller Foundation, Bellagio, Italy, July 1997.

Fine, J.C. (1997). Networks for Research & Learning: A Strategic Approach to Capacity Building in Sub-Saharan Africa. Unpublished paper: Cross-National Capacity Building in Africa: Interventions that Work, Rockefeller Foundation, Bellagio, Italy, July 1997.

Fine, J. C., Lyakurwa, W., & Drabek, A. G. (Eds.). (1994). Ph.D. education in economics in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons and prospects. Nairobi: East African Publishers.

Girdwood, A. (1993). Capacity building and higher education in Africa: a comment on the capacity building rationale and aid to higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Compare, 23(2), 149–158.Giri, J. (1990). Higher education in sub-Saharan Africa: crisis in growth or structural crisis? Commission of the European Communities. Courier, No. 123, September-October, pp. 65-67.

Guedegbe, C. M. (1997). Research on Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Jan Sadlak and Philip G. Altbach (Eds.), Higher Education Research at the Turn of the New Century: Structures, Issues, and Trends. New York: Garland.

Habte, A. (1989). Support for Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Does the World Bank Stand? Higher Education Policy, 2 (2), pp. 20-24.

Hansson, G. & Mabele, R. (1994). The Dar es Salaam - Lund Universities Ph.D. in Economics: Lessons for Sub-Saharan Africa. In Jeffrey C. Fine, William Lyakurwa and Anne Gordon Drabek (Eds.), Ph.D. Education in Economics in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons and Prospects. Nairobi, Kenya: East African Publishers in conjunction with African Economic Research Consortium (AERC).

Hawes, H. & Coombe, T. (Eds.). (1986). Education priorities and aid responses in Sub-Saharan Africa. London: Her Majesty's Stationary Office.

Hinchliffe, K. (1985). Issues Related to Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank Staff Working Papers no. 780. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.

Hinchliffe, K. (1987). Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. London: Croom Helm.

Hoffman, A. (1995). The destruction of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, 10, 83–87.

John, M. (1996). Distance education in Sub-Saharan Africa: The next five years. Innovations in education and training international, 33(1), 50–57.

Johnstone, D. B. (2003). Higher Education Finance and Accessibility: Tuition Fees and Student Loans in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 2 (2).

Jongbloed, B. & Teekens, H. (2000). The financing of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Utrecht, Nertherlands: uitgeverij-lemma.

Kaboret, Y. (2000). Eviter la fuite des cerveaux en Afrique sub-Saharienne: Role des institutions sous-régionales de formation et de recherche. In S. Tapsoba, et. al. (Eds.), Brain drain and capacity building in Africa (pp. 186–195). Dakar, Senegal: ECA/IDRC/IOM.

Kiamba, C. (2004). The Experience of the Privately Sponsored Studentship and Other Income Generating Activities at the University of Nairobi. Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 2 (2).

Kidd, C. V. (1991). University training abroad: Sub-Saharan Africa. Higher Education Policy, 4(2), 41–46.

King, K. (1989). Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: The World Bank Report as a Research Project. Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research, 1, pp. 100-118.

Kitaev, I. (1999). Private education in Sub-Saharan Africa: A re-examination of theories and concepts related to its development and finance. Paris: International Institute for Educational Planning.

Levey, L. A. (1991). Computer and CD-ROM capability in Sub-Saharan African university and research libraries. Washington, D.C.: American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Lewinger, J. (1984). Overseas training and national development objectives in Sub-Saharan Africa. Comparative Education Review, 28(2).

Logan, B. (1987). The reverse transfer of technology from Sub-Saharan Africa to the United States. Journal of Modern African Studies, 25(4).

Michelsen, H. (2003). Improving Agricultural Research at Universities in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Study Guide. The Hague: ISNAR (International Service for National Agricultural Research).

Mingat, A. & Tan, J. P. (1985). Subsidization of Higher Education versus Expansion of Primary Enrollments: What Can a Shift of Resources Achieve in Sub-Saharan Africa? International Journal of Educational Development, 5 (4).

Moock, P. R. (1987). Education policies for Sub-Saharan Africa: Adjustment, revitalization, and expansion. Washington, D. C.: The World Bank.

Mwiria, K. (1991). The role of good governance and positive university-state relations in promoting university-development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, D.C.: Africa Technical Department, The World Bank.

Narula, R. (1997). In Pursuit of Science and Technology in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Impact of Structural Adjustment Programmes. Journal of Modern African Studies, 35 (4), pp. 755-757.

Ng'ethe, N. (2003). Higher Education Innovations in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Regional Report of Universities in Eastern Africa. Accra, Ghana: Association of African Universities.

Ng'ethe, N. et al. (2004). Higher Education Innovations in Sub-Saharan Africa with Specific Reference to Universities. Accra, Ghana: Association of African Universities.

Nkinyangi, J. (1991). Student Protests in Sub-Saharan Africa. Higher Education, 22 (2), September, pp. 157-173.

NUFFIC. (1999). The Financing of Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Results of Workshop Sessions. April 21, 1999. The Hague: NUFFIC.

Ogbu, Osita M. & Gallagher, M. (1991). On Public Expenditures and Delivery of Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Comparative Education Review 35 (2):295-318.

Oketch, M. O. ( 2003). Market Model of Financing Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Examples from Kenya. Higher Education Policy, 16 (3), pp. 313-332.

Oketch, M. O. (2003). Market Model of Financing Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Examples from Kenya. Higher Education Policy, 16 (3), pp. 313-332.

Orivel, F. (1996). French-Speaking Universities in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Critical Impasse. In Zaghloul Morsy and Philip G. Altbach (Eds.), Higher Education in an International Perspective: Critical Issues. New York: Garland Publishers.

Orivel, F. & Sergent, F. (1988). Foreign Aid to Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: How Useful Is It? Prospects 18 (4):459-469.

Pakkiri, L. & Degefe, B. (1994). The Demand for Ph.D. Training in Economics in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Jeffrey C. Fine, William Lyakurwa and Anne Gordon Drabek (Eds.), Ph.D. Education in Economics in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons and Prospects. Nairobi, Kenya: East African Publishers in conjunction with African Economic Research Consortium (AERC).

Prewitt, K. (Ed.). (1998). Networks in International Capacity Building: Cases from Sub Saharan Africa, SSRC Working Papers, 2.

Ridker, R. G. (1994). The World Bank's role in human resource development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Education, training, and technical assistance. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.

Roberts & Associates. (1998). Tertiary Distance Learning in Sub-Saharan Africa: Overview and Directory to Programs. ADEA Working Group on Higher Education. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Russell, S. et al. (1990). International Migration and Development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Volume 1. Africa Technical Department Series No. 101. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.

Saint, W. S. (1993). Initiating University Reform: Experience from Sub-Saharan Africa. Zimbabwe Journal of Educational Research, 5:1, pp. 1-20.

Saint, W. (2000). Tertiary Distance Education and Technology in Sub-Saharan Africa. Education and Technology Technical Note Series, Vol. 5, No. l. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.

Saint, W. (2003). Tertiary Distance Education and Technology in Sub-Saharan Africa. In D. Teferra and P. Altbach (Eds.), African Higher Education: An International Reference Handbook. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.

Shabani, J. (1995). Higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Strategies for the improvement of the quality of training. Quality in Higher Education, 1(2), 173–178.

Shabani, J. (1998). Lifelong Higher Education for All in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Juma Shabani (ed.), Higher Education in Africa: Achievements, Challenges and Prospects. Dakar: UNESCO Regional Office for Africa (BREDA).

Smallwood, A. & Maliyamkono, T. L. (1996). Regional cooperation and mobility in higher education: The implications for human resource development in Sub-Saharan Africa and the relevance of recent initiatives to Europe. In P. Blumenthal, et. al. (Eds.), Academic mobility in a changing world. Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Subotzky, G. (2003). Higher Education Innovations in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Regional Report of Universities in Southern Africa. Accra, Ghana: Association of African Universities.

Sunal, D. W. & Haas, M. E. (1998). Issues for Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa. In C. Szymanski Sunal (ed.), Schooling in Sub-Saharan Africa. New York: Garland Publishing.

Sutherland-Addy, E. (2003). Higher Education Innovations In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Regional Report of Tertiary Education in Ghana. Accra, Ghana: Association of African Universities.

Van Der Mer, P., Jongbloed, B., & Teekens, H. (2000). The role and organization of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. In B. Jongbloed & H. Teekens (Eds.), The financing of higher education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Utrecht, Netherlands: Uitgeverij-Lemma.

World Bank. (1988). Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Policies for Adjustment, Revitalization, and Expansion. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.

World Bank. (1991). The African capacity building initiative toward improved policy analysis and development management in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.

Zymelman, M. (1990). Science, education, and development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.

Dissertations

Appiah-Padi, S. K. (1999). Study abroad and global citizenship: Sub-Saharan African students at the University of Alberta. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Alberta (Canada).

D'Souza, A. C. (2001). Reforming University Finance in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Study of Kenya. Ph. D. dissertation. Stanford University.

Boakye, J. (1995). Human resource development and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Johnson, A. E. (1966). Discovering generalizations regarding Africa south of the Sahara held by certain sixth grade students and by certain university seniors, and determining the significance of these generalizations for the content of the social studies curriculum. Ed.D. dissertation, Wayne State University.

Nxumalo, N. N. (1991). Determinants of repatriation among African professionals as perceived by pre- and post-graduated scholars from Sub-Saharan Africa: An empirical analysis. Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State University.

Reidy, G. H. (1995). The status of informatics at seventeen universities in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ed.D. dissertation, George Washington University.

Sutherland, C. (2003). Equity, Efficiency and Sustainability in Higher Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Study of Makerere University, Uganda. Ph.D. dissertation. London: London School of Economics and Political Science, University of London.

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