The Trojan War Series
by Euripides
Text

Full text can be found at the Perseus website
Translation by E.P. Coleridge
 

Helen Helen and Menelaos
Helen laments her fate
Helen learns the fate of her family from Teucer

Iphigeneia at AulisAgamemnon tells his plan
Clytemnestra's rage, Achilles's rage, Iphigeneia's sacrifice

The Trojan Women Cassandra's rantings           The women watch Troy burn


From Helen
Helen and Menelaos

Helen
Here I am, once again coming back to the sanctuary of this tomb, after learning the welcome words of Theonoe, who knows all things truly; she says my husband is alive and sees the light of day; he is roaming here and there on countless voyages, not without practice in wandering, and he shall come here when he finds an end to his suffering.
But she left one thing unsaid: if he will escape when he has come? And I refrained from asking that question clearly; I was so glad when she told me he was safe. She said that he was near this land somewhere, cast up, shipwrecked, with a few friends. Oh, when will you come? How much I long for your arrival!
                She catches sight of Menelaos
Ah! Who is this? I am not being ambushed by the plots of Proteus' impious son, am I? Shall I not, like a young racehorse or a worshipper of Bacchus, reach the tomb? There is something wild about the looks of this man who is hunting me down.
Menelaos
You there! the one trying with fearful effort to reach the base of the tomb and the pillars of burnt sacrifice, stay where you are. Why do you flee? I am amazed and speechless at the sight of your body.
Helen
Women, I am being ill-treated. This man is keeping me from the tomb, and he wants to take me and give me to theking, whose wooing I was seeking to avoid.
Menelaos
I am no thief, nor a servant of evil men.
Helen
And yet the clothes you are wearing are unsightly enough.
Menelaos
Put fear aside and stop your rapid flight.
Helen
I do so, now that I have reached this spot.
Menelaos
Who are you? Whom do I see in you, lady?
Helen
But who are you? The same reason prompts us both.
Menelaos
I never saw a closer resemblance.
Helen
O gods! For the recognizing of friends is a god.
Menelaos
Are you a woman from Hellas, or a native of this land?
Helen
From Hellas; but I want to learn your story too.
Menelaos
You seem to me very much like Helen, lady.
Helen
And you seem to me like Menelaos; I don't know what to say.
Menelaos
Well, you have correctly recognized a most unfortunate man.
Helen
Oh, at last you have come to the arms of your wife!
Menelaos
What do you mean by wife? Do not touch my robe.
Helen
The one whom Tyndareus, my father, gave to you.
Menelaos
O torch-bearing Hekate, send visions that are favorable!
Helen
You see in me no specter of the night, attendant on the queen of phantoms.
Menelaos
As one man, I am certainly not the husband of two women.
Helen
You are the master of what other wife?
Menelaos
The one hidden in the cave, whom I am bringing from Troy.
Helen
You have no other wife but me.
Menelaos
Can it be that I am in my right mind, but my sight is failing?
Helen
Don't you think that when you look at me you see your wife?
Menelaos
Your body resembles hers, but the real truth robs me of this belief.
Helen
Look; what more do you need? Who knows better than you?
Menelaos
You are like her; I will not deny that at least.
Helen
Who then shall teach you, if not your own eyes?
Menelaos
It is there that I am ailing, because I have another wife.
Helen
I did not go to Troy; that was a phantom.
Menelaos
And who fashions living bodies?
Helen
The air, out of which you have a wife that the gods labored over.
Menelaos
What god's handiwork? You are saying things beyond hope.
Helen
Hera's, as a substitute, so that Paris would not have me.
Menelaos
How then could you be here and in Troy at the same time?
Helen
The name may be in many places, though not the body.
Menelaos
Let me go! I have come here with enough pain.
Helen
Will you leave me, and take that phantom bride away?
Menelaos
Yes, and fare well, for your likeness to Helen.
Helen
I am ruined! I found you, my husband, but I will not have you.
Menelaos
The greatness of my troubles over there convinces me; you do not.
Helen
Ah me! Who was ever more miserable than I am? Those whom I love best are leaving me, and I shall never reach the Hellenes or my own country.

Top

Helen laments her fate
Helen
Dear friends, to what a fate am I yoked? Did my mother bear me as a wonder to mankind? [For no other woman, Hellene or barbarian, gives birth to a white vessel of chicks, in which they say Leda bore me to Zeus.] My life and all I do is a wonder, partly because of Hera, and partly my beauty is to blame. If only I could be rubbed out like a painting, and have again in turn a plainer form instead of beauty, and the Hellenes would have forgotten the evil fate that I now have, and would remember what part of my life is not evil, as they now remember what is.

When someone looks to one event only, and is ill-treated by the gods, it is hard, but all the same it can be borne. But I am involved in countless troubles. First, although I never acted wrongly, my good name is gone. And this trouble is stronger than the reality, if someone incurs blame for wrongs that are not his own. Next, the gods have removed me from my native country to barbarian customs, and bereft of friends I have become a slave although I am free by birth; for among barbarians all are slaves except one. And the only anchor of my fortunes is gone, the hope that my husband would come one day and free me of my woes--he is dead, he no longer exists.

My mother is dead, and I am called her murderer--unjustly, but that injustice is mine to bear; while the one who was born the glory of the house, my daughter, is growing gray as a virgin, without a husband; and those two Dioskouroi, called the sons of Zeus, are no more. But with all my misfortunes, I am as good as dead in my circumstances, though not in fact. And this is the last evil of all: if ever I should come home, I would be shut out by barred doors, for people would think I was that Helen of Troy, coming back with Menelaos. If my husband were still alive, we could have recognized each other by recourse to tokens which are evident to us alone. But now this is not so, and he can never be saved.

Top

Helen learns the fate of her family from Teucer
Teucer
Who holds power over this fortified house? The dwelling is worthy of comparison with Ploutos', its royal enclosures and towering buildings. Ah! Oh gods, what sight is here? I see the hateful deadly likeness of the woman who ruined me and all the Achaeans. May the gods spurn you, so much do you look like Helen! If I were not in a foreign land, you would have died by this well-aimed arrow as a reward for your likeness to the daughter of Zeus.
Helen
What is it, poor man--who are you, that you have turned away from me and loathe me for the misfortunes of that one?
Teucer
I was wrong; I gave way to my anger more than I should, for all Hellas hates that daughter of Zeus. Forgive me for what I said, lady.
Helen
Who are you? Where have you come from, to visit this land?
Teucer
I am one of those unfortunate Achaeans, lady.
Helen
[85]  Then it is no wonder that you loathe Helen. But who are you and where do you come from? Whose son should I call you?
Teucer
My name is Teucer, my father is Telamon, and Salamis is the land that nurtured me.
Helen
Then why are you visiting these lands of the Nile?
Teucer
I am an exile, driven out of my native land.
Helen
You must be unhappy! Who banished you from your fatherland?
Teucer
My father Telamon. Could you find anyone closer to me?
Helen
But why? This matter is surely an unfortunate one.
Teucer
The death of my brother Aias (AJAX) at Troy was my ruin.
Helen
How so? You didn't take his life with your sword, did you?
Teucer
He threw himself on his own sword and died.
Helen
Was he mad? For what sensible man would dare such a thing?
Teucer
Do you know a certain Achilleus, the son of Peleus?
Helen
Yes; he came to woo Helen once, so I hear.
Teucer
When he died, he left a contest for his armor to his allies.
Helen
Well, if he did, what harm is this to Aias?
Teucer
When someone else got the arms, he took his own life.
Helen
Then are you ill through his suffering?
Teucer
Yes, because I did not die together with him.
Helen
So you went to the famous city of Ilion, stranger?
Teucer
Yes, and by helping to sack it, I destroyed myself as well.
Helen
Has it already been set alight and completely consumed by fire?
Teucer
So that not even a trace of the walls is evident.
Helen
O miserable Helen! Because of you, the Phrygians have been destroyed.
Teucer
And also the Achaeans; great evils have been committed.
Helen
How long is it since the city was sacked?
Teucer
Almost seven years have gone full circle, with their harvests.
Helen
And how much longer were you waiting at Troy?
Teucer
For many months; the moon held its course through ten years.
Helen
And did you capture the Spartan woman?
Teucer
Menelaos caught her by the hair to drag her away.
Helen
Did you yourself see the wretched creature? Or do you speak from hearsay?
Teucer
I saw her with my own eyes, just as I see you, no less.
Helen
Consider whether you had some fancy, sent by the gods.
Teucer
Think of some other topic, not that woman still!
Helen
Are you so sure this fancy was reliable?
Teucer
I saw it with my own eyes; and the mind has sight.
Helen
Is Menelaos already at home with his wife?
Teucer
No; he is neither in Argos nor by the streams of the Eurotas.
Helen
Alas! This is evil news for those to whom you bring it.
Teucer
He is said to have disappeared with his wife.
Helen
Wasn't there the same passage for all the Argives?
Teucer
Yes; but a tempest scattered them in every direction.
Helen
On which surface of the salty ocean?
Teucer
While they were crossing the Aegean in mid-channel.
Helen
And from that time does no one know of Menelaos' arrival?
Teucer
No one; but throughout Hellas he is reported to be dead.
Helen
I am wholly lost. Is the daughter of Thestius alive?
Teucer
You speak of Leda? She is dead and gone, indeed.
Helen
It wasn't Helen's disgraceful fame that killed her, surely?
Teucer
Yes, they say she tied a noose around her noble neck.
Helen
Are the sons of Tyndareus still alive or not?
Teucer
They are dead, and not dead: it is a double story.
Helen
Which report is the stronger? I am so unhappy at these evils!
Teucer
Men say that they are gods in the likeness of stars.
Helen
That is good news; but what is the other story?
Teucer
That they killed themselves because of their sister. But enough of such talk! I do not need to grieve twice. As to why I came to this royal palace, wanting to see the prophetess Theonoe, you be my patron, so I might obtain an oracle: how I should steer a favorable course to the island of Cyprus, where Apollo has declared I am to live, giving it the island name of Salamis in honor of that fatherland over there.
Helen
The voyage itself will explain that, stranger; leave this land and escape, before the son of Proteus, the ruler of this land, catches sight of you; now he is away with his trusty hounds tracking his savage quarry to the death, for he kills every visitor from Hellas that he catches. Do not seek to learn his reason, and I will not say; for how could I help you?
Teucer
Lady, you have spoken well. May the gods grant you a return for your kindness! Although you have a body like Helen's, your heart is not like hers, but very different. May she die miserably, and never reach the streams of Eurotas! But may you always have good fortune, lady.
Helen
Oh, as I begin the great lament of my great distress, what mourning shall I strive to utter? or what Muse shall I approach with tears or songs of death or woe? Alas!

Top


Iphigeneia at Aulis

Agamemnon tells his plan

Agamemnon
Leda, the daughter of Thestius, had three children, maidens, Phoebe, Clytemnestra my wife, and Helen; the foremost of the favored sons of Hellas came to woo Helen; but terrible threats of spilling his rival's blood were uttered by each of them, if the should fail to win the girl.

Now the matter filled Tyndareus, her father, with perplexity, whether to give her or not, how he might best succeed. This thought occurred to him: the suitors should swear to each other and join right hands and pour libations with burnt-sacrifice, binding themselves by this curse: whoever wins the child of Tyndareus for wife, they will assist that man, in case a rival takes her from his house and goes his way, robbing her husband of his rights; and march against that man in armed array and raze his city to the ground, Hellene no less than barbarian. Now when they had once pledged their word and old Tyndareus with no small cleverness had beguiled them by his shrewd device, he allowed his daughter to choose from among her suitors the one towards whom the sweet breezes of Aphrodite might carry her. Her choice fell on Menelaus; would she had never taken him! Then there came to Lacedaemon from the Phrygians the man who, Argive legend says, judged the goddesses' dispute; in robes of gorgeous hue, ablaze with gold, in true barbaric pomp; and he, finding Menelaus gone from home, carried Helen off, in mutual desire, to his steading on Ida. Goaded to frenzy, Menelaus flew through Hellas, invoking the ancient oath exacted by Tyndareus and declaring the duty of helping the injured husband.

And so the Hellenes, brandishing their spears and donning their harness, came here to the narrow straits of Aulis with armaments of ships and troops, with many horses and chariots, and they chose me to captain them all for the sake of Menelaus, since I was his brother. Would that some other had gained that distinction instead of me!

But after the army was gathered and come together, we still remained at Aulis weatherbound. In our perplexity, we asked Calchas, the seer, and he answered that we should sacrifice my own child Iphigenia to Artemis, whose home is in this land, and we would sail and sack the Phrygians' capital [if we sacrificed her, but if we did not, these things would not happen]. When I heard this, I commanded Talthybius with loud proclamation to disband the whole army, as I could never bear to slay my daughter. Whereupon my brother, bringing every argument to bear, persuaded me at last to face the crime; so I wrote in a folded scroll and sent to my wife, bidding her despatch our daughter to me on the pretence of wedding Achilles, at the same time magnifying his exalted rank and saying that he refused to sail with the Achaeans, unless a bride of our lineage should go to Phthia. Yes, this was the inducement I offered my wife, [inventing, as I did, a sham marriage for the maiden.

Of all the Achaeans we alone know the real truth, Calchas, Odysseus, Menelaus and myself; but that which I then decided wrongly, I now rightly countermand again in this scroll, which you, old man, have found me opening and resealing beneath the shade of night. Up now and away with this missive to Argos, and I will tell you by word of mouth all that is written here, the contents of the folded scroll, for you are loyal to my wife and house.]

Top

Clytemnestra's rage, Achilles' rage, Iphigeneia's sacrifice

           Achilles

                Daughter of Leda, lady of sorrows!

              Clytemnestra

                No misnomer that.

              Achilles

                A fearful cry is heard among the Argives.

              Clytemnestra

                What is it? tell me.

              Achilles

                It concerns your child.

              Clytemnestra

                An evil omen for your words.

              Achilles

                They say her sacrifice is necessary.

              Clytemnestra

                And is there no one to say a word against them?

              Achilles

                Indeed I was in some danger myself from the tumult.

              Clytemnestra

                In danger of what, stranger?.

              Achilles

                Of being stoned.

              Clytemnestra

                Surely not for trying to save my daughter?

              Achilles

                The very reason.

              Clytemnestra

                Who would have dared to lay a finger on you?

              Achilles

                All the men of Hellas.

              Clytemnestra

                Were not your Myrmidon warriors at your side?

              Achilles

                They were the first who turned against me.

              Clytemnestra

                My child! we are lost, it seems.

              Achilles

                They taunted me as the man whom marriage had enslaved.

              Clytemnestra

                And what did you answer them?

              Achilles

                Not to kill the one I meant to wed--

              Clytemnestra

                Justly so.

              Achilles

                The wife her father promised me.

              Clytemnestra

                Yes, and sent to fetch from Argos.

              Achilles

                But I was overcome by clamorous cries.

              Clytemnestra

                Truly the mob is a dire mischief.

              Achilles

                But I will help you for all that.

              Clytemnestra

                Will you really fight them single-handed?

              Achilles

                Do you see these warriors here, carrying my arms?

              Clytemnestra

                Bless you for your kind intent!

              Achilles

                Well, I shall be blessed.

              Clytemnestra

                Then my child will not be slaughtered now?

              Achilles

                No, not with my consent at any rate.

              Clytemnestra

                But will any of them come to lay hands on the maid?

              Achilles

                Thousands of them, with Odysseus at their head.

              Clytemnestra

                The son of Sisyphus?

              Achilles

                The very same.

              Clytemnestra

                Acting for himself or by the army's order?

              Achilles

                By their choice--and his own.

              Clytemnestra

                An evil choice indeed, to stain his hands in blood.

              Achilles

                But I will hold him back.

              Clytemnestra

                Will he seize and bear her off against her will?

              Achilles

                Yes, by her golden hair no doubt.

              Clytemnestra

                What must I do, when it comes to that?

              Achilles

                Keep hold of your daughter.

              Clytemnestra

                Be sure that she shall not be slain, as far as that that can help her.

              Achilles

                Believe me, it will come to this.

              Iphigenia

                Mother, hear me while I speak, for I see that you are angry with your husband to no purpose; it is hard for us to persist in impossibilities. Our thanks are due to this stranger for his ready help; but you must also see to it that he is not reproached by the army, leaving us no better off and himself involved in trouble.

            Iphigenia

                Listen, mother; hear what thoughts have passed across my mind. I am resolved to die; and this I want to do with honor, dismissing from me what is mean. Towards this now, mother turn your thoughts, and with me weigh how well I speak; to me the whole of mighty Hellas looks; on me the passage over the sea depends; on me the sack of Troy; and in my power it lies to check henceforth barbarian raids on happy Hellas, if ever in the days to come they seek to seize her women, when once they have atoned by death for the violation of Helen's marriage by Paris. All this deliverance will my death insure, and my fame for setting Hellas free will be a happy one. Besides, I have no right at all to cling too fondly to my life; for you did not bear me for myself alone, but as a public blessing to all Hellas. What! shall countless warriors, armed with shields, those myriads sitting at the oar, find courage to attack the foe and die for Hellas, because their fatherland is wronged, and my one life prevent all this? What kind of justice is that? could I find a word in answer? Now let us turn to that other point. It is not right that this man should enter into battle with all Argos or be slain for a woman's sake. Better a single man should see the light than ten thousand women. If Artemis has decided to take my body, am I, a mortal, to thwart the goddess? no, that is impossible. I give my body to Hellas; sacrifice it and make an utter end of Troy. This is my enduring monument; marriage, motherhood, and fame--all these is it to me. And it is right, mother, that Hellenes should rule barbarians, but not barbarians Hellenes, those being slaves, while these are free.

              Chorus Leader

                You play a noble part, maiden; but the whims of Fate and the goddess are diseased.

              Achilles

                Daughter of Agamemnon! some god was bent on blessing me, if I could have won you for my wife. In you I consider Hellas happy, and you in Hellas; for this that you have said is good and worthy of your fatherland; since you, abandonIng a strife with heavenly powers, which are too strong for you, have fairly weighed advantages and needs. But now that I have looked into your noble nature, I feel still more a fond desire to win you for my bride. Look to it; for I want to serve you and receive you in my halls; and, Thetis be my witness, how I grieve to think I shall not save your life by doing battle with the Danaids. Reflect, I say; a dreadful ill is death.

              Iphigenia

                This I say, without regard to anyone. Enough that the daughter of Tyndareus is causing wars and bloodshed by her beauty; then be not slain yourself, stranger, nor seek to slay another on my account; but let me, if I can, save Hellas.

              Achilles

                Heroic spirit! I can say no more to this, since you are so minded; for yours is a noble resolve; why should not one speak the truth? Yet I will speak, for you will perhaps change your mind; [that you may know then what my offer is,] I will go and place these arms of mine near the altar, resolved not to permit your death but to prevent; for brave as you are at sight of the knife held at your throat, you will soon avail yourself of what I said. So I will not let you perish through any thoughtlessness of yours, but will go to the goddess with these arms and await your arrival there. Exit Achilles.

              Iphigenia

                Mother, why so silent, your eyes wet with tears?

              Clytemnestra

                I have reason, woe is me! to be sad at heart.

              Iphigenia

                Stop; do not make me a coward; here in one thing obey me.

              Clytemnestra

                Tell me, my child, for at my hands you shall never suffer injury.

              Iphigenia

                Cut not off the tresses of your hair for me, nor clothe yourself in sable garb.

              Clytemnestra

                Why, my child, what is it you have said? When I have lost you?

              Iphigenia

                You wll not lose me; I am saved and you renowned, as far as I can make you.

              Clytemnestra

                How so? Must I not mourn your death?

              Iphigenia

                By no means, for I shall have no tomb heaped over me.

              Clytemnestra

                What then? It is death, not the tomb, that is rightly mourned.

              Iphigenia

                The altar of the goddess, Zeus's daughter, will be my tomb.

              Clytemnestra

                Well, my child, I will let you persuade me, for you speak well.

              Iphigenia

                Yes, as one who prospers and does Hellas service.

              Clytemnestra

                What message shall I carry to your sisters?

              Iphigenia

                Do not put mourning raiment on them either.

              Clytemnestra

                But is there no fond message I can give the maidens from you?

              Iphigenia

                Yes, my farewell words; and promise me to rear Orestes to manhood.

              Clytemnestra

                Press him to your bosom; it is your last look.

              Iphigenia

                O you that are most dear to me! you have helped your friends as you had means.

              Clytemnestra

                Is there anything I can do in Argos to please you?

              Iphigenia

                Yes, do not hate my father, your own husband.

              Clytemnestra

                Fearful are the trials through which he has to go because of you.

              Iphigenia

                It was against his will he ruined me for the sake of Hellas.

              Clytemnestra

                Ah! but he employed base treachery, unworthy of Atreus.

              Iphigenia

                Who will escort me from here, before my hair is torn?

              Clytemnestra

                I will go with you--

              Iphigenia

                No, not you; that is not well saidl.

              Clytemnestra

                Clinging to your robes.

              Iphigenia

                Be persuaded by me, mother, stay here; for this is the better way both for me and you; but let one of these attendants of my father conduct me to the meadow of Artemis, where I shall be sacrificed.

              Clytemnestra

                Are you gone from me, my child?

              Iphigenia

                Yes, and with no chance of ever returning.

              Clytemnestra

                Leaving your mother?

              Iphigenia

                Yes, as you see, undeservedly.

              Clytemnestra

                Hold! do not leave me!

Top


The Trojan Women

Cassandra's rantings

           Cassandra

                Bring the light, uplift and show its flame! I am doing the god's service, see! see! making his shrine to glow with tapers bright. O Hymen, lord of marriage! blessed is the bridegroom; blessed am I also, soon to wed a princely lord in Argos. Hail Hymen, lord of marriage! Since you, my mother, are busied with tears and lamentations in your mourning for my father's death and for our country dear, I at my own nuptials am making this torch to blaze and show its light, giving to you, O Hymen, giving, O Hecate, a light, at the maiden's wedding, as the custom is.

                Nimbly lift the foot; lead the dance on high, with cries of joy, as if to greet my father's happy fate. The dance is sacred. Come, Phoebus, now, for it is in your temple among your bay-trees that I minister. Hail Hymen, god of marriage! Hymen, hail! Dance, mother, and laugh! link your steps with me, and circle in the delightful measure, now here, now there. Salute the bride on her wedding-day with hymns and cries of joy. Come, you maids of Phrygia in fair raiment, sing my marriage with the husband fate ordains that I should wed.

               Hecuba

                You god of fire, it is yours to light the bridal torch for men, but piteous is the flame you kindle here, beyond my blackest expectation. Ah, my child! how little did I ever dream that such would be your marriage, a captive, and of Argos too! Give up the torch to me; you do not bear its blaze aright in your wild frantic course, nor have your afflictions left you in your sober senses, but still you are as frantic as before. Take in those torches, Trojan friends, and for her wedding madrigals weep your tears instead.

               Cassandra

                O mother, crown my head with victor's wreaths; rejoice in my royal match; lead me and if you find me unwilling at all, thrust me there by force; for if Loxias is indeed a prophet, Agamemnon, that famous king of the Achaeans, will find in me a bride more vexatious than Helen. For I will slay him and lay waste his home to avenge my father's and my brothers' death. But let that go; I will not tell of that axe which shall sever my neck and the necks of others, or of the conflict ending in a mother's death, which my marriage shall cause, nor of the overthrow of Atreus' house. But I, for all my frenzy, will so far rise above my frantic fit, that I will prove this city happier far than those Achaeans, who for the sake of one woman and one passion have lost a countless army in hunting Helen. Their captain too, whom men call wise, has lost for what he hated most what most he prized, yielding to his brother for a woman's sake--and she was willing and not taken by force--the joy he had of his own children in his home. For from the day that they landed upon Scamander's strand, their doom began, not for loss of stolen frontier nor yet for fatherland with high towers; whomever Ares took, those never saw their children again, nor were they shrouded for the tomb by hand of wife, but in a foreign land they lie. At home the case was still the same; wives were dying widows, parents were left childless in their homes, having reared their sons for others, and none is left to make libations of blood upon the ground before their tombs. Truly to such praise as this their army can make an ample claim. It is better to pass by their shame in silence, nor may mine be the Muse to tell that evil tale.

But the Trojans were dying, first for their fatherland, fairest fame to win; whomever the sword took, all these found friends to bear their bodies home and were laid to rest in the embrace of their native land, their funeral rites all duly paid by duteous hands. And all such Phrygians as escaped the warrior's death lived always day by day with wife and children by them, joys the Achaeans had left behind. As for Hector and his griefs, hear how the case stands; he is dead and gone, but still his fame remains as bravest of the brave, and this was a result of the Achaeans' coming; for had they remained at home, his worth would have gone unnoticed. And Paris married the daughter of Zeus, whereas, had he never done so, the alliance he made in his family would have been forgotten. Whoever is wise should fly from making war; but if he come to this, a noble death will crown his city with glory, a coward's end with shame. Therefore, mother, you should not pity your country or my bed, for this my marriage will destroy those whom you and I most hate.

Chorus Leader

How sweetly at your own sad lot you smile, chanting a strain, which, in spite of you, may prove you wrong!

Talthybius

Had not Apollo turned your wits to maenad revelry, you would not for nothing have sent my chiefs with such ominous predictions forth on their way. But, after all, these lofty minds, reputed wise, are nothing better than those that are held as nothing. For that mighty king of all Hellas, dear son of Atreus, has yielded to a passion for this mad maiden of all others; though I am poor enough, yet would I never have chosen such a wife as this. As for you, since your senses are not whole, I give your taunts against Argos and your praise of Troy to the winds to carry away. Follow me now to the ships to grace the wedding of our chief. And you too follow, whenever the son of Laertes demands your presence, for you will serve a mistress most discreet, as all declare who came to Ilium.

Cassandra

A clever fellow, this servant! Why is it heralds hold the name they do? All men unite in hating with one common hate the attendants of kings or governments. You say my mother shall come to the halls of Odysseus? Where then are Apollo's words, so clear to me in their interpretation, which declare that she shall die here? What else remains, I will not taunt her with. Unhappy Odysseus, he does not know the sufferings that await him; or how these ills I and my Phrygians endure shall one day seem to him precious as gold. For beyond the ten long years spent at Troy he shall drag out other ten and then come to his country all alone . . . where dreadful Charybdis lurks in a narrow channel between the rocks; past Cyclops the savage shepherd, and Ligurian Circe who turns men to swine; shipwrecked often upon the salt sea-wave; longing to eat the lotus, and the sacred cattle of the sun, whose flesh shall utter in the days to come a human voice, bitter to Odysseus. In brief, he shall descend alive to Hades, and, though he shall escape the waters' flood, yet shall he find a thousand troubles in his country when he arrives.

Enough! why do I recount the troubles of Odysseus? Lead on at once, that I may wed my husband for his home in Hades' halls. Base you are, and basely shall you be buried, in the dead of night when day is done, you captain of that army of Danaids, who think so proudly of your fortune! Yes, and the rocky chasm with its flood of wintry waters shall give my corpse cast forth in nakedness to wild beasts to make their meal upon, near my husband's tomb, I, Apollo's servant. O garlands of that god most dear to me! farewell, you mystic symbols! I here resign your feasts, my joy in days gone by. Go, I tear you from my body, that, while yet mine honor is intact, I may give them to the rushing winds to waft to you, my prince of prophecy! Where is that general's ship? Where must I go to take my place there? Lose no further time in watching for a favoring breeze to fill your sails, doomed as you are to carry from this land one of the three avenging spirits. Fare you well, mother! dry your tears. O dear country! my brothers below the earth and my own father, it will not be long before you shall welcome me; victory shall crown my advent among the dead, when I have overthrown the home of our destroyers, the house of the sons of Atreus.

Top
 

The women watch Troy burn

           Hecuba

                Woe! oh woe! Ilium is ablaze; the homes of Pergamos and its towering walls are now one sheet of flame.

               Chorus

                As the smoke soars on wings to heaven, so sinks our city to the ground before the spear. With furious haste both fire and enemy spear devour each house.

           Hecuba

                Oh, earth, nourisher of my children!

               Chorus

                Ah, ah!

               Hecuba

                Hearken, my children, hear your mother's voice.

               Chorus

                You are calling on the dead with voice of lamentation.

               Hecuba

                Yes, as I stretch my aged limbs upon the ground, and beat upon the earth with both my hands.

               Chorus

                I follow you and kneel, invoking from the nether world my hapless husband.

               Hecuba

                I am being dragged and hurried away--

               Chorus

                The sorrow, the sorrow of that cry!

               Hecuba

                To dwell beneath a master's roof!

               Chorus

                From my own country!

               Hecuba

                Woe is me! O Priam, Priam, slain, unburied, left without a friend, nothing do you know of my cruel fate.

               Chorus

                No, for over his eyes black death has drawn his pall, a pure man slain by the impure.

           Hecuba

                Woe for the temples of the gods and for our dear city!

               Chorus

                Ah, ah!

               Hecuba

                Murderous flame and enemy spear are now your lot.

               Chorus

                Soon will you tumble to your own loved soil, and be forgotten.

               Hecuba

               And the dust, mounting to heaven on wings like smoke, will rob me of the sight of my home.

               Chorus

                The name of my country wiII pass into obscurity; all is scattered far and wide, and hapless Troy has ceased to be.

               Hecuba

                Did you know, did you hear?

               Chorus

                Yes, it was the crash of the citadel.

               Hecuba

                The shock, the shock--

               Chorus

                Will overwhelm our city utterly.

               Hecuba

                O woe is me! trembling, quaking limbs, support my footsteps! away! to face the day that begins your slavery.

               Chorus

                Woe for our unhappy town! And yet let us advance to the Achaean fleet.

Top
 



Euripides main menu
Euripides synopsis
Euripides characters
Euripides reviews